{"id":18997,"date":"2019-08-11T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-08-11T05:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sugar-land-bible-church.local\/sermon\/revelation-048-glory-and-power\/"},"modified":"2019-08-11T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2019-08-11T05:00:00","slug":"revelation-048-glory-and-power","status":"publish","type":"sermon","link":"https:\/\/slbc.org\/es\/sermon\/revelation-048-glory-and-power\/","title":{"rendered":"Revelation 048 – Glory and Power"},"content":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","book":[111],"series_event":[490],"sermon_service_type":[472],"speaker":[6],"class_list":["post-18997","sermon","type-sermon","status-publish","hentry","book-revelation","series_event-revelation","sermon_service_type-main-service","speaker-dr-andy-woods","no-post-thumbnail"],"acf":{"sermon_title":"Revelation 048 - Glory and Power","sermon_date":"20190811","sermon_month":"8","sermon_year":"2019","sermon_notes":6958,"sermon_slides":6959,"sermon_mp3":6962,"sermon_id":"81119132345107","series_or_event":490,"service_type":[472],"speaker":6,"books_of_the_bible":111,"chapter_and_verse":"15:5-8","sermon_transcript":"Dr. Andy Woods\n\nGlory and Power\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 8-11-19\n\nRevelation 15\u00a0\u00a0 Lesson 48\n\nGood morning everybody. Let\u2019s take our Bibles this morning if we could and open them to the Book of Revelation, chapter 15.\u00a0 As you\u2019re doing that just a quick announcement. Wesley Hunt is running for Congress in district 7 in Houston, and to be better informed and meet the candidate, Pastor Robert Dean of West Houston Bible Church invites folks to join him August 17, this coming Saturday, at West Houston Bible Church for their 7:30 a.m. men\u2019s prayer breakfast.\u00a0 If you want more information on that you can see me after.\n\nAnd as we this morning give our attention to the Book of Revelation the title of our message this morning is Glory and Power.\u00a0 We are sort of at an interesting transition in the Book of Revelation.\u00a0 We have studied the various judgments that have come to the earth in the form of seven seal judgments and seven trumpet judgments.\u00a0 We are probably half way through the tribulation period at this point and now we prepare ourselves to study the old judgments which are recorded in Revelation 16.\u00a0 And in essence what has transpired here is we have a type of preparation taking place in heaven.\u00a0 Revelation 15 is really the preparation in heaven before the bowl judgments, Revelation 16, manifest themselves.\n\nSo this morning we\u2019re finishing chapter 15 and the next time I\u2019m with you we\u2019ll be moving into Revelation 16 and so by way of preparation you might want to do a study this week of Revelation chapter 16.\u00a0 Revelation 15 is one of those chapters that most people don\u2019t comment on; people hardly study it. They\u2019re usually so eager to jump over it and get to the good stuff (I guess that\u2019s the way they think) and they want to know what\u2019s coming in 16 so they skip over 15.\u00a0 But 15, I think, is golden.\n\nWe have to understand that every part of the Bible is inspired by God.\u00a0 All Scripture is God-breathed and profitable.\u00a0 [2 Timothy 3:16, Scripture is God-breathed and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, for training in righteousness;] Even those chapters in the Bible that seem sort of remote to us or strange, those are equally beneficial for our spiritual growth.\n\nAnd so here in chapter 15 we have the manifestation of the seven plagues, verse 1, we saw that last week.\u00a0 And then we have verse 2, we have the martyrs.\u00a0 \u00a0Then heavenly preparation and from there we moved into basically the outline of chapter 15, the manifestation of the seven plagues.\u00a0 We saw the martyrs didn\u2019t we, verses 2-4?\u00a0 We saw their identity and their praise; in fact, their doxology.\u00a0 And what a song that was, revealing to us the high purpose God has for worship.\n\nAnd now we move into verses 5-8 where we\u2019re taking a look at the heavenly tabernacle.\u00a0 Here\u2019s kind of an outline of verses 5-8 of chapter 15.\u00a0 The tabernacle is open, verse 5.\u00a0 Angels emerge, verse 6, angels are given the bowls, verse 7.\u00a0 The tabernacle was filled with God\u2019s glory, verse 8.\u00a0 In fact, it\u2019s interesting, you get to the end of verse 8 and no one is allowed to enter this heavenly tabernacle until these various judgments are poured out upon the earth.\n\nTake a look, if you could, at verse 5 as this tabernacle in heaven is opened.\u00a0 It says, \u201cAfter these things I looked and the tabernacle of testimony in heaven was opened.\u201d\u00a0 You notice that familiar \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0expression, verse 5, \u201cAfter these things,\u201d that generally shows us or introduces to us a new theme.\u00a0 The focus now moves from the martyrs to what\u2019s called a heavenly tabernacle or heavenly temple.\u00a0 And why is this called a heavenly tabernacle or a heavenly temple?\u00a0 Because this is the location from which these bowl judgments, that are coming in chapter 16, are going to emerge from.\n\nYou\u2019ll notice there in verse 5 the word \u201ctestimony.\u201d \u201cAfter these things I looked\u201d as John is speaking, and the temple of the tabernacle of testimony in heaven was opened.\u201d\u00a0 What does it mean here when it talks about the \u201ctestimony\u201d?\u00a0 Well, you might want to jot down Exodus 32:15 because there the Law of God that Moses brought down from Mount Sinai, it\u2019s called the \u201ctablets of the testimony.\u201d\n\n[Exodus 32:15, \u201cThen Moses turned and went down from the mountain with the two tablets of the testimony in his hand, tablets that were written on both sides; on the front and on the \u00a0back they were written.\u201d]\n\nAnd by the time you get to the New Testament it was so well understood that that law was stored in God\u2019s tabernacle that the tabernacle itself began to be designated The Tabernacle Testimony because it was in the tabernacle that the Law of God that Moses brought down from Mt. Sinai was stored.\u00a0 And you say well, wait a minute, I thought all of this happened on the earth.\u00a0 We\u2019re talking here about heaven.\u00a0 And you\u2019re right, that did happen on the earth but one of the things that\u2019s fascinating to study as you move through the Book of Revelation is where there is an earthly reality in God there is a heavenly counterpart.\n\nSo there is an earthly temple, we\u2019ll see more of that in a little bit, and to correspond with that is a heavenly temple.\u00a0 Here we see the same exact kind of thing, an earthly tabernacle, earthly testimony, heavenly tabernacle, heavenly testimony.\u00a0 In fact, you might recall all the way back to the Book of Exodus when Moses was given the assignment of building that wonderful tabernacle in the wilder-ness he was not\u00a0 to build it any way he wanted to build it; he was given specific instructions by God.\u00a0 Hebrews 8:5 says, \u201cwho serve a copy and shadow of the heavenly things, just as Moses was warned by God when he was about to erect the tabernacle; for, \u201cSee,\u201d He says, \u201cthat you make all things according to the pattern which was shown you on the mountain.\u201d\u00a0 I mean, Moses wasn\u2019t just given an opportunity to just willy-nilly do whatever he wanted in terms of its construction.\u00a0 It had to fit the measurements God gave him because there was already a correspondence to it in heaven.\n\nAnd we see more of that as we move into the Book of Revelation.\u00a0 And it\u2019s interesting here that that tabernacle is open in heaven and our attention is drawn to it.\u00a0 Why so?\u00a0 Because that is the origin of the bowl judgments that are about to hit planet earth in Revelation 16.\u00a0 We move away from the tabernacle being opened and now we see angels themselves coming out of this heavenly tabernacle.\n\nNotice what it says in Revelation 15:6, \u201cand the seven angels who had the seven plagues came out of the temple,\u201d now sometimes it\u2019s called temple, sometimes it\u2019s called tabernacle, the tabernacle was sort of like a mobile temple if I can put it that way.\u00a0 It\u2019s what the nation of Israel carried around with them in the wilderness wandering years.\u00a0 There were specific instructions about putting it up and breaking it down at night and very specific instructions they had to follow and those instructions were followed until the day the nation of Israel entered the Promised Land and ultimately in the Promised Land something would be created there called the temple built by Moses which was a permanent fixture since the wilderness wandering years were over.\u00a0 I may have misspoken there, the tabernacle was built by Moses, the temple itself was ultimately build by Solomon.\u00a0 And you can read about that in 1 Kings 6:1, around 966 B.C.\u00a0 [1 Kings 6:1, \u201cNow it came about in the four hundred and eightieth year after the sons of Israel came out of the land of Egypt, in the fourth year of Solomon\u2019s reign over Israel, in the month of Ziv which is the second month, that he began to build the house of the LORD.\u201d]\n\nThe tabernacle had a correspondence in heaven.\u00a0 The temple that Solomon constructed has also a correspondence in heaven.\u00a0 And our attention is drawn to there because this is where the bowl judgments will come forth from and again verse 6,\u201d and the seven angels who had the seven plagues came out of the temple, clothed in clean and bright, and girded around their chest with golden sashes.\u201d\n\nSo as these angels come out of this heavenly tabernacle\/temple, each of them has a bowl and as each angel, in Revelation 16, is going to deposit the contents of their bowl on planet earth, another judgment will come to planet earth, just like Jesus in Revelation 6 opening the seven sealed scroll, every seal that was opened another judgment came to the earth.\u00a0 Just like the trumpet judgments that we\u2019ve studied, every time an angel sounds a trumpet another judgment comes to the earth.\n\nIt\u2019s interesting how God has delegated this task of judgment and pouring out the contents of these bowls to angels.\u00a0 In Sunday School we\u2019ve been taking a look at the doctrine of angels, studying every\u00adthing the Bible has to say about angels.\u00a0 Did you know that angels were involved in the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah?\u00a0 Obviously, it was God\u2019s decision to destroy Sodom and Gomorrah but He delegated the task to an angel.\u00a0 Genesis 19:15 says, \u201cWhen morning dawned, the angels urged Lot, saying, \u2018Up, take your wife and your two daughters who are here, or you will be swept away in the punishment of the city.\u201d\u2019\u00a0 Genesis 19:22, the angel says to Lot, \u201cHurry<\/strong>, escape there<\/strong>, for I cannot do anything until you arrive there<\/strong>.\u201d Therefore, the name of the town was called Zoar.\n\nActs chapter 12:22-23 says this: \u201cThe people kept crying out, \u2018The voice of a god and not of a man!\u2019 [23] And immediately an angel of the LORD struck him because he did not give God the glory, and he was eaten by worms and died.\u201d\u00a0 This involves death of Herod Agrippa because of his pride.\u00a0 And it\u2019s interesting to me that an angel was delegated that particular task as well.\u00a0 And here we see the same thing.\u00a0 God has delegated these various paths to angels.\u00a0 I think there might be a point of application in there for us because God desires to give us assignments as well.\u00a0 This is something that God apparently doesn\u2019t do everything on His own but He discloses assignments to members of His creation, the angelic realm.\n\nAnd many times in life I believe God has specific assignments for us; maybe not to bring destruction and judgment that the angels will bring that we\u2019re reading about here, but there could be an assign\u00adment in your life, a ministry you\u2019re supposed to do, a person you\u2019re supposed to witness to, a person that you\u2019re supposed to talk to, a job that you\u2019re supposed to hold.\u00a0 It wouldn\u2019t be farfetched to believe that given the nature of God and how He is delegating these tasks, important tasks, even to the angelic realm.\u00a0 And it\u2019s interesting that it talks about how these angels, coming from forth from this heavenly temple are in fine linen and bright.\u00a0 It reminds us of the return of our LORD Jesus Christ to the earth in Revelation 19:8 at the end of the Book of Revelation.\u00a0 It says, \u201cIt was given to her to clothe herself\u201d that\u2019s the bride of Christ, that would be us, \u201cin fine linen, bright and clean; for the fine linen\u201d same idea, same word, \u201cfor the fine linen is the righteous acts of the saints.\u201d\n\nRevelation 19:14 says, \u201cAnd the armies which are in heaven, clothed in fine linen, white and clean, were following Him on white horses.\u201d\u00a0 So these angels, just like the church that returns with Jesus at the end of the tribulation period is basically in a perfect glorified state.\u00a0 How could that not be given the fact that\u2019s who Jesus is, He\u2019s perfect and He\u2019s pure.\u00a0 And consequently, we see these angels entrusted with this task of judgment in a state of unfallen purity as well.\u00a0 And I guess that makes me feel a little bit better at the end of the day because who can you trust with judgment?\u00a0 Not many people, only someone whose character is perfect and moral and upright, someone who\u2019s character is like God\u2019s.\u00a0 And that\u2019s in essence how these good angels are in their unfallen state.\n\nIt mentions here in verse 6, chapter 15 and verse 6, that these angels have around their chest golden sashes.\u00a0 [Revelation 15:6, \u201cand the seven angels who had the seven plagues came out of the temple, clothed in linen, clean and bright, and girded around their chests with golden sashes.\u201d]\u00a0 And it\u2019s interesting to\u00a0 me that in the Book of Revelation, chapter 1 and verse 13, very early on in the Book of Revelation, when we got a description of Jesus Christ He is dressed the exact same way.\u00a0 Revelation 1:13 says, \u201cand in the middle of the lampstands I saw one like a son of man, clothed in a robe reaching to the feet, and girded across His chest with a golden sash.\u201d\u00a0 Same thing that these angels are wearing.\n\nIn other words, these angels are completely in touch with Jesus Christ; they are completely identified with the purposes of Jesus Christ, right down to their clothing.\u00a0 And those kinds of creatures, quite frankly, are the kinds of people that God entrusts with His tasks, people that are not off doing their own thing, people who are not following the Frank Sinatra approach to spirituality, \u201cI did it my way\u201d sort of an approach.\u00a0 God does not entrust His tasks to those types of people.\u00a0 He entrusts His tasks to those that are aligned with His purposes.\u00a0 These angels, the way they\u2019re dressed they appear just like Jesus, and are obviously aligned with the purpose of Jesus Christ.\n\nAnd that, I think is many reasons why God does not entrust us with greater things.\u00a0 Why doesn\u2019t God entrust me with more?\u00a0 Well, many times I\u2019m trying to pursue my own way and my own agenda rather than God\u2019s.\u00a0 But isn\u2019t it interesting once the will becomes broken, oftentimes through great suffering and trials where we finally say to the LORD, \u201cnot my will be done but Thy will be done,\u201d suddenly a larger assignment comes from God because He can trust you with that.\u00a0 And this is what the LORD is doing here with these angels; they\u2019re actually moving as we see into the punitive position entrusted with the task of pouring out punishment, or wrath itself because that\u2019s what Jesus is about to do on planet earth as we move into Revelation 15 and Revelation 16.\n\nSo the tabernacle is open, the angels emerge and each angel is given a bowl.\u00a0 And notice, if you will, Revelation 15 and take a look at verse 7.\u00a0 It says, \u201cThen one of the four living creatures gave to\u201d now we\u2019ve seen these \u201cliving creatures\u201d before, haven\u2019t we?\u00a0 These strange creatures, they might be a category of angels, four of them constantly in heaven, but it talks here about \u201cone of the four\u201d\u00a0 Then one of the four living creatures gave to \u00a0the seven angels seven golden bowls full of the wrath of God, who lives forever and ever.\u201d\u00a0 One of the four living creatures apparently at this point gives seven bowls to each of the seven angels.\u00a0 And you\u2019ll notice it\u2019s interesting that the bowls they\u2019re holding their color is given, they\u2019re called \u201cgolden bowls.\u201d\n\nNow that creates a very interesting study to see how significant golden bowls are in Scripture.\u00a0 In fact when you go back to 1 Kings 7:50 the priests many times in their temple duties did so with golden bowls.\u00a0 It says, \u201cAnd the cups and the snuffers and the bowls\u201d and then it says at the end of the verse there \u201c\u2026 made of gold.\u201d\u00a0\u00a0 Golden bowls apparently are very important to God in the outworking of His purposes.\u00a0 So, it doesn\u2019t shock the conscience at all to discover that these seven angels are not just holding bowls but seven golden bowls.\u00a0 [1 Kings 7:50, \u201cand the cups and the snuffers and the bowls and the spoons and the firepans, of pure gold; and the hinges both for the doors of the inner house, the most holy place, and for the doors of the house, that is, of the nave, of gold.\u201d]\n\nIn fact, I was sort of surprised to learn this the first time I studied the Book of Revelation, that when we pray to God our prayers coming up unto God are found before Him in golden bowls of incense.\u00a0 You say well where does the Bible talk about that?\u00a0 It talks about it in Revelation 5:8, it says, \u201cWhen He had taken the book, the four living creatures and the twenty-four elders fell down before the Lamb, each one holding a harp and golden bowls\u201d not just bowls, \u201cgolden bowls full of incense, which are the prayers of the saints.\u201d\n\nYou know, we struggle many times with this idea is prayer really significant?\u00a0 Does prayer really work?\u00a0 Is prayer effective?\u00a0 Well may I just say to you based on what we\u2019ve learned here in the Book of Revelation that prayer, coming unto God from His people is of great value to Him.\u00a0 In fact, it\u2019s just as valuable as anything that the priest did in the temple area or within the temple, 1 Kings 7:50.\u00a0 And our prayers are just as important unto God as the bowl judgments that He is about to pour out in Revelation 16. So, my prayers and your prayers have as much worth or value unto God as the very judgments that are about to be poured out in Revelation 16, from golden bowls because our prayers are brought unto the LORD as instance in the text specifically says \u201cgolden bowls.\u201d\u00a0 Does God honor prayer?\u00a0 Based on what I\u2019ve said I think He does.\u00a0 Does He value prayer?\u00a0 Based on what I\u2019ve said I think He does.\u00a0 In fact, James 5:16 says this: \u201cThe effective prayer of a righteous man can accomplish much.\u201d\n\nAnd even before I got up to teach this morning I had a little conversation with Bruce Munsterman just before the worship service started and he reminded me of something, a prayer request that the church had been praying about for a very long time and he reminded me that that prayer request has been answered.\u00a0 And it was so encouraging just to sort of to look back and think about the time when the church began to offer that prayer and how God in His providence had answered that particular prayer.\n\nThis is the power of prayer, this is the effectiveness of prayer.\u00a0 This is what prayer can do.\u00a0 Prayer actually has the ability to move the hand of God in history and God is so eager for us to pray that He views those prayers on equal par with what the priest did in the temple with golden bowls and the judgments that are about to take place in Revelation 16. \u00a0These particular bowls are not filled with the incense representing the prayers of God\u2019s people.\u00a0 It\u2019s very clear here that these specific bowls that we\u2019re talking about, these seven, as each angel is holding one of these bowls it says very clearly there that they are \u201cfull of the wrath of God.\u201d\u00a0 The wrath of God is about to hit planet earth in Revelation 16 like it has never hit planet earth before.\n\nNow don\u2019t get confused on the chronology of the Book of Revelation.\u00a0 Many people are under a\u00a0\u00a0 misguided view that now the wrath of God has finally started.\u00a0 That is not so.\u00a0 The wrath of God started with the trumpet judgments and prior to that it started with the seal judgments.\u00a0 What is happening though is the wrath of God is intensifying.\u00a0 Earlier we saw that a third of the sea was turned to blood in the various trumpet judgments.\u00a0 What we\u2019re going to see in Revelation is all of\u00a0\u00a0 the sea becomes blood.\u00a0 Earlier the trumpet judgments we saw that a third of the earth\u2019s fresh water supply was destroyed; now what is about to happen in Revelation 16 is all of the earth\u2019s water supply is about to be destroyed.\n\nIn other words, what God is doing as humanity is becoming more and more unrepentant and we\u2019ve seen many examples of their lack of repentance throughout this book, Revelation 9:20-21 talks about that very clearly.\u00a0 [Revelation 9:20-21, \u201cThe rest of mankind, who were not killed by these plagues, did not repent of the works of their hands, so as not to worship demons, and the idols of gold and of silver and of brass and of stone and of wood, which can neither see nor hear nor walk; [21] and they did not repent of their murders nor of their sorceries nor of their immorality nor of their thefts.\u201d]\n\nGod is simply turning up the thermostat and the judgments are getting more and more severe and more and more intense.\u00a0 It\u2019s all the wrath of God, it\u2019s just the severity grows as you move through the chronology of the Book of Revelation.\u00a0 Robert Thomas in his excellent commentary on the Book of Revelation says this concerning the wrath of God.\u00a0 \u201cMankind in his rebellion\u201d speaking here of the six seal judgments and the reaction of the people as they claim this is God\u2019s wrath, \u201cMankind in his rebellion correctly analyzes the cosmic and terrestrial disturbances as part of the great end time day of wrath from the One sitting on the throne and the Lamb.\u201d\n\nThe verb elephin<\/em> \u201chas come\u201d is an aorist indicative referring to a previous survival of wrath, not something that is about to take place.\u00a0 Men see the arrival of this day at least as early as the cosmic upheavals that characterize the sixth seal when upon reflection they recognize that it was already in effect with the death of a quarter of the world\u2019s population, the worldwide famine and the global warfare.\u00a0 The rapid sequence of all of these events could not escape notice but the light of their true explanation does not dawn upon human consciousness until this severe phenomenon of the sixth seal arrives.\n\nIt\u2019s when you get to the sixth seal mankind recognizes this is the wrath of God.\u00a0 But the reality of the situation is they\u2019re kind of late to the recognition because the wrath of God already started with [can't understand word] one.\u00a0 And we moved into the trumpet judgments; those represent a more severe form of God\u2019s wrath that\u2019s coming.\u00a0 And now we\u2019re ready to move into the bowl judgments where now the wrath of God is about to be poured out on an unprecedented manner.\u00a0 The whole seven-year tribulation period represents the wrath of God.\u00a0 If you don\u2019t get that straight in your thinking, many people will deceive you on this; they\u2019ll say part of it is the wrath of God, half of it is the wrath of God, three-quarters of it is the wrath of God and so since the church has been promised an exemption from God\u2019s wrath the church will be here for some of it.\n\nI\u2019m here to tell you, as point blank as I can the whole seven-year period is the wrath of God, all of it!\u00a0 And because the church many times, 1 Thessalonians 1:10, 1 Thessalonians 5:9, Romans 5:9 etc. etc. etc. has been promised an exemption from divine wrath the church (us) the blood bought body of Christ won\u2019t be here for any of the tribulation period.\u00a0 [1 Thessalonians 1:10, \u201cand to wait for His Son from [a] heaven, whom He raised from the dead, that is Jesus, who rescues us from the wrath to come.\u201d\u00a0 1 Thessalonians 5:9, \u201cFor God has not destined us for wrath, but for obtaining salvation through our LORD Jesus Christ.\u201d]\n\nI don\u2019t know about you but I\u2019m not hanging around looking for the antichrist.\u00a0 I\u2019m looking for Jesus Christ to take us up in the rapture into the Father\u2019s house, sort of like Noah and his family tucked safely and securely in the ark, eight members, and then the flood waters hit.\u00a0 This is what the Bible portrays concerning the future and it relates to the fact that the wrath of God hasn\u2019t started here, it\u2019s something that\u2019s been imminent all the way through.\u00a0 It\u2019s just at this point the wrath of God is becoming more and more intense.\u00a0 It\u2019s very similar as to how God dealt with Pharaoh in the ten Exodus plagues.\n\nI think the Bible says about six times that Pharaoh hardened his heart against God.\u00a0 And every time Pharaoh hardened his heart against God, God just turned the temperature up a little bit and the judgments got worse and worse and worse and worse until finally Pharaoh himself capitulated to what God wanted.\u00a0 He let God\u2019s people go and actually as you move through the Book of Exodus it reaches a point where it says God hardened Pharaoh\u2019s heart. \u00a0[Exodus 10:27<\/a>,<\/strong> \u201cBut the LORD hardened<\/strong> Pharaoh's heart<\/strong>, and he was not willing to let them go.\u00a0 Exodus 14:8<\/a>, \u201cThe LORD hardened<\/strong> the heart of Pharaoh<\/strong> king of Egypt, so that he pursued the Israelites, who were marching out boldly.\u201d Exodus 8:19, \u201cThen the magicians said to Pharaoh, \u2018This is the finger of God.\" But Pharaoh's heart was hardened, and he did not listen to them, as the LORD had said.\u201d]\u00a0 God finally gave Pharaoh over to what Pharaoh himself wanted to do and the judgments increased in intensity until the result that God wanted was achieved.\n\nThat\u2019s the same type of reality that\u2019s happening here in this seven-year tribulation period.\u00a0 I was this week sort of shocked to read this in the original language and look at the word \u201cwrath\u201d in verse 7.\u00a0 It says, \u201cThen one of the four living creatures gave to the seven angels seven golden bowls full of the wrath of God, who lives forever and ever.\u201d\u00a0 [Revelation 15:7] Now when you study the Book of Revelation and you see that word \u201cwrath\u201d it\u2019s typically the word org\u0113<\/em>.\u00a0 You get a lot of s sexual imagery from the word org\u0113<\/em>.\u00a0 You can think of a lot of sexual terms coming from org\u0113<\/em>.\u00a0 It\u2019s speaking of passion without limits.\n\nAnd here it\u2019s not being used org\u0113<\/em> in the sexual sense, it\u2019s being used in the anger sense.\u00a0 It\u2019s talking about the unrestrained anger of God that\u2019s coming upon planet earth.\u00a0 And as I look at this I expected to see the word org\u0113<\/em> there when it mentions \u201cseven golden bowls full of the wrath of God.\u201d\u00a0 But it uses a different word, actually a more intense word.\u00a0 The word there, I have it in brackets, is not org\u0113<\/em>, it\u2019s the Greek word thumos<\/em> which speaks of anger.\u00a0 I looked up the definition and this is the definition:\u00a0 the state of anger with the implication of passionate outbursts.\u00a0 That\u2019s what\u2019s about to happen here as we move into Revelation 16.\n\nIn fact, this word thumos<\/em> is the exact same word that\u2019s used with the crowd at the synagogue, I believe this was in Capernaum, when the people were so angry with Jesus Christ they tried to drive him off a cliff.\u00a0 Now how would you like that as your opening preaching experience---people so mad at you they want to throw you off a cliff.\u00a0\u00a0 I know preachers today can have it tough but I don\u2019t know if anything like that has ever happened to me.\n\nLuke 4:28 says, \u201cAnd all the people in the synagogue were filled with rage as they heard these things;\u201d that also is the Greek word thumos <\/em>which is used here in our chapter.\u00a0 Romans 2:5 says this:\u00a0 \u201cBut because of your stubbornness and unrepentant heart you are storing up wrath for yourself in the day of wrath and revelation of the righteous judgment of God.\u201d\u00a0 The wrath of God against planet earth is building somewhat like a water behind a damn and as the volume of that water just keeps growing and growing eventually the volume of the water pressures the dam to brake and the water comes forth.\u00a0 That\u2019s sort of the picture that you have happening here in Revelation 15 and into 16.\n\nAnd you say well God sure is hard hearted to do something like this.\u00a0 But think for a moment of the multiple opportunities He has given people to get right with Him. \u00a0Think of the opportunity He\u2019s giving people right now as I speak to get right with Him by trusting in His Son.\u00a0 I mean, He\u2019s sent the two witnesses, He\u2019s sent the 144,000 Jewish evangelists.\u00a0 In fact, back in Revelation 14 an angel was flying to and fro giving the world the eternal gospel.\n\nYes, there is severity in judgment that we\u2019re reading about here but God\u2019s judgment is always tempered by His grace and His mercy.\u00a0 Even prior to the flood and the deluge that came to planet earth because of the global flood, a terrible form of judgment that at one point historically hit planet earth, we read in Genesis 6 how \u201cNoah found grace in the eyes of the LORD.\u201d\u00a0 The ark itself was grace, it was a way of escape.\u00a0 And yes, this judgment was very severe but we\u2019ve also seen (to be fair) the grace of God.\n\nOne of the fears that I have is that we have become so accustomed to the grace of God and the unmerited favor of God, because we\u2019re living in the age of grace where the grace of God is going out today like it\u2019s never gone out before in the person of Jesus Christ and in His message. But my fear is that we have become so comfortable with that message that we\u2019ve lost sight of the fact that there is present coming the anger of God, the thumos<\/em>, the state of anger with the implication of a passionate and even violent outburst.\n\nI\u2019m reminded very much of the sermon preached by one of the greatest intellects that the United States of America, the man who actually had a role, I believe, in the founding and early leadership of what became known as Princeton University, a leading beacon of light, that school, to early America.\u00a0 And he preached a sermon that, if I understand my history correctly, scared him so badly he never preached it again.\u00a0 It\u2019s called Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God<\/em>.\u00a0\u00a0 You ought to look it up online and download it and compare it to the type of preaching that we do today in average evangelical churches.\u00a0 I mean, the whole sermon is about the anger of God and why man ought to fear God, and the holiness of God.\u00a0 And God honored that sermon so greatly that it launched historically what we call in the United States the First Great Awakening.\u00a0 You can trace the First Great Awakening to this intellect, his name was Jonathan Edwards, who preached this sermon.\n\nWe don\u2019t really get preaching like that today, do we.\u00a0 We get a lot of grace-oriented things, which I\u2019m very obviously comfortable with but what about the other side of it?\u00a0 What about the thumos<\/em>?\u00a0 What about the org\u0113<\/em>?\u00a0 What about the wrath of God?\u00a0 And isn\u2019t it interesting how God has resolved both His grace and His wrath in the atonement of Jesus?\u00a0 It\u2019s only in the atonement of Jesus that you get a resolution of those two concepts which seem to contradict each other because when Jesus died on that cross one member of the Trinity, God the Father, was pouring out His wrath on another member of the Trinity, God the Son.\u00a0 And if we would simply trust in what Jesus has done we are exempted from that wrath because that wrath should be on me, it should be on you.\u00a0 If you\u2019re reading any part of the Bible and you\u2019re seeing grace without wrath or wrath without grace you might want to re-read that section of the Bible because to the careful reader both will always be present.\n\nAnd so here come these seven golden bowls full of\u2026 it says there in verse 7, \u201cthe wrath of God\n\n[Revelation 15:7, \u201cThen one of the four living creatures gave to the seven angels seven golden bowls full of the wrath of God, who lives forever and ever.\u201d]\u00a0 And look at how God\u2019s character is described there at the end of verse 7, \u201cof God, who lives forever and ever.\u201d\u00a0 Seven golden bowls full of the wrath of God, a statement here about \u201cGod, who lives forever and ever.\u201d\n\nWho is God?\u00a0 The kids will ask this, \u201cWho made God?\u201d\u00a0 The answer is nobody because God is what we would call the uncaused cause; He\u2019s always been and He will always be.\u00a0 He lives forever and ever.\u00a0 Psalm 90:2 of God says this: \u201cBefore the mountains were born or You gave birth to the earth and the world, even from everlasting to everlasting, You are God.\u201d\u00a0 God is \u201cfrom everlasting to everlasting.\u201d\u00a0 Romans 16:26, Paul says, \u201cBut now is manifested, and by the Scriptures of the prophets, according to the commandment of the eternal God, who has been made known to all the nations, leading to obedience of faith\u201d\n\nAnother attribute we\u2019re learning here about God, His eternality.\u00a0 Last week you might remember verse 3, we learned about His omnipotence, He\u2019s all powerful.\u00a0 He\u2019s the Mighty God.\u00a0 Here a few verses later, verse 7, you can add something else to your list, His eternality.\u00a0 [Revelation 15:7, \u201cThen one of the four living creatures gave to the seven angels seven golden bowls full of the wrath of God, who lives forever and ever.\u201d]\n\nAnd that\u2019s why the virgin birth becomes such a big deal, because if Jesus had a normal conception He would have had a beginning point, wouldn\u2019t He?\u00a0 But Jesus had a miraculous conception, He wasn\u2019t conceived the way a person is conceived and it had to be that way to demonstrate God\u2019s eternality.\u00a0 The Second Member of the Trinity, Jesus Christ, is the uncaused cause; He\u2019s always been and He will always be.\u00a0 The same with the first member of the Trinity, God the Father.\u00a0 The same with the third member of the Trinity, God the Son; three personages in one monotheistic understanding of God.\u00a0 You\u2019ll spend your lifetime trying to understand that and contemplate it, figure it out, and yet these are the greatest thoughts you could ever give yourself to because you\u2019re thinking about something so fundamental, the nature of God.\u00a0 Who is God exactly?\u00a0 He\u2019s all powerful and He\u2019s eternal.\n\nAnd I don\u2019t know if you caught there in verse 7, it says \u201cHe lives.\u201d\u00a0 Why is it that when we put up pictures of the crucifixion, pictures of the cross, we don\u2019t like to put Jesus on that cross suffering and dying; a lot of us just like the crucifixion, the instrument of death rather than portraying Jesus on that cross.\u00a0 I mean, there are, of course, decorations and things you can find of Jesus on a cross dying but most of the crucifixions or crosses that you see Jesus is not there.\u00a0 Why don\u2019t we put Him on there?\u00a0 The answer is He\u2019s not there anymore!\u00a0 He\u2019s alive.\u00a0 I mean the crucifixion of Jesus Christ was only part of the transaction.\u00a0 He said, \u201cIt is finished!\u201d\u00a0 He breathed His last.\u00a0 He resurrected from the grave.\u00a0 He ascended to the right hand of the Father where the Book of Hebrews, chapter 7, verse 24 says He lives to make intercession for you.\u00a0 [Hebrews 7:25, \u201cTherefore He is able also to save forever those who draw near to God through Him, since He always lives to make intercession for them.\u201d]\n\nHe can\u2019t wait for you to pray to Him so He can answer you.\u00a0 Well how can He do that?\u00a0 Because He\u2019s not dead, He\u2019s alive.\u00a0 We, if we didn\u2019t think of it that way why pray?\u00a0 We don\u2019t pray to\u00a0 a deceased Savior, a dead Savior, we pray to a resurrected Savior, an ascended Savior. We pray to the God who lives forever and ever.\u00a0 The Book of Hebrews, chapter 10 and verse 31 says this: \u201cIt is a terrifying thing to fall into the hands of the living God.\u201d\u00a0 Why is it terrifying?\u00a0 Because He\u2019s not a deceased God, He\u2019s alive!\u00a0 And to get on the wrong side of Him would certainly be a mistake.\u00a0 The living God, the eternal God, the all-powerful God, and once you begin to understand this you begin to understand the distain that God had for the nation of Israel prior to the captivity when they moved into idolatry.\n\nIsaiah 46:1, just on the Eve of the Babylonian captivity God said this: \u201cBel has bowed down,\u201d Bell being a Babylonian deity, \u201cBeliever has bowed down, Nebo stoops over; Their images are consigned<\/em> to the beasts and the cattle.\u00a0 The things that you carry are burdensome, even a load for the weary beast<\/em>.\u201d Are you getting tired Israel of carrying around these metal objects?\u00a0 Does this fatigue you, you pick these things up, you bring them with you everywhere you go, are you getting tired of that?\u00a0 Is your body starting to wear out, because God says in Isaiah 46: 6, \u201cEven to your old age I will be the same and even to your graying years I will bear you<\/em>! I have done it<\/em>, and I will carry you<\/em>; and I will bear you<\/em> and I will deliver you<\/em>.\u201d\n\nAre you getting fatigued with these objects of metal that you keep bringing around place to place, because I\u2019ll tell you what\u2019s going to happen, the LORD says to Isaiah.\u00a0 One of these days you\u2019re going to get old and you\u2019re not going to have the physical strength to lift this metal object anymore.\u00a0 Do you know what you\u2019re going to need?\u00a0 You\u2019re going to need someone to carry you.\u00a0 And your idol that\u2019s dead is not going to be able to help you.\u00a0 But God says I\u2019m alive, I\u2019ll carry you when you get old!\u00a0 The God who lives forever!\u00a0 See, this is the foolishness, the utter foolishness of worshipping things instead of God.\n\nRevelation 9:20 says, \u201cThe rest of mankind who were not killed by these plagues, did not repent of the works of their hands, so as not to worship demons, and the idols of gold and of silver and of brass and of stone and of wood, which can neither see nor hear nor walk.\u201d\u00a0 And we all know that we can be just as idolatrous as the nation Israel, trusting in something other than God, a relationship, a person, some kind of natural gift you have, a career, a bank account, a retirement account.\u00a0 I mean, we\u2019ll trust in anything other than God.\u00a0 And yet God says the same thing to us; what you\u2019re resting in other than Me is not alive and one of these days you\u2019re going to get old, you\u2019re going to need someone to lift you.\u00a0 And so we see this description of God here as the God who lives forever and ever.\n\nWe move into verse 8 where we start to see the descriptions of the Tabernacle filled with God\u2019s glory, that\u2019s why I entitled this message Glory and Power<\/em>.\u00a0 Notice, if you will, the first part of verse 8,\u201d The temple was filled with smoke from the glory of God and from His power.\u201d\u00a0 Notice the smoke inside this heavenly tabernacle or temple as these judgments are about to be poured out.\u00a0 It reminds me of the fantastic song we sing at many times in chapel in seminary.\u00a0 It\u2019s from Isaiah 6:1.\u00a0 It says \u201cIn the year of King Uzziah\u2019s death I saw the LORD sitting on a throne, lofty and exalted, with the train of His robe filling the temple.\u201d\n\nVerse 4 of Isaiah 6, \u201cAnd the foundations of the thresholds trembled at the voice of him who called out, while the temple was filling with smoke.\u201d\u00a0 What\u2019s happening here in Revelation 15:8 as these judgments are about to be poured out?\u00a0 You say what is the smoke? What does that represent?\u00a0 It represents His glory, it represents the glory of the living God!\u00a0 What happened when Moses finished the job and the tabernacle was built?\u00a0 Have you ever read that, they very last verse of the Book of Exodus?\u00a0 Do you recall what happened?\u00a0 Exodus 40:34, it says, \u201cThen the cloud covered the tent of meeting, and the glory of the LORD filled the tabernacle.\u00a0 I mean, how would you like that as a stamp of approval on a job well done?\u00a0 The building looks great, now God in His glory takes residence in it.\n\nThat\u2019s what happened to Moses and that\u2019s what\u2019s happening here in heaven, the power of God! Exodus 19:18 says this: \u201cMount Sinai was all in smoke because the LORD descended upon it in fire; and its smoke ascended like the smoke of a furnace, and the whole mountain quaked violently.\u201d That\u2019s the glory and the power of God at Mount Sinai that we\u2019re reading about here in Revelation chapter 15.\n\nHow about that temple that Solomon finally had the opportunity to construct?\u00a0 Once Solomon got the job done what happened?\u00a0 It says, 2 Chronicles 5:13, \u201c\u2026then the house, the house of the LORD, was filled with a cloud, [14] So that the priests could not stand to minister by reason of the cloud<\/strong>: for the glory of the <\/strong>LORD had filled the house of God<\/strong>.\u201d\u00a0 How about that temple that was destroyed by Nebuchadnezzar?\u00a0 It says in Ezekiel 11:23, \u201cThe glory of the LORD went up from the midst of the city.\u201d\u00a0 See, the glory of the LORD ended up in the Solomonic temple, that would be temple number one, and then the people became so sinful that the glory of God left from that very structure, just prior to the Babylonian captivity.\u00a0 That\u2019s where you start to get expressions like Ichabod, the glory of the LORD has departed.\n\nMay God help us at Sugar Land Bible Church to be the type of place that the glory of God enters rather than leaves.\u00a0 Amen!\u00a0 I believe that there are so many places that are so fallen in how they do things as churches that God almost has nothing to do with them.\u00a0 Ichabod, the glory of God has departed.\u00a0\u00a0 And when that millennial temple finally exists in that thousand-year kingdom it says this in Ezekiel 44:4, \u201cThe glory of the LORD filled the house of the LORD and I fell on my face.\u201d\u00a0 \u00a0We\u2019re not finished see in history the glory of the LORD entering buildings; that\u2019s going to happen in the millennial kingdom.\n\nAnd you\u2019ll notice that Ezekiel says, when I saw this \u201cI fell on my face.\u201d\u00a0 This is the reaction when holiness comes into the presence of sinful humanity.\u00a0 Remember the Isaiah passage?\u00a0 I read it earlier, \u201cIn the year Uzziah died I saw the LORD,\u201d what did Isaiah say?\u00a0 \u201cThen I said, \"Woe is me, for I am ruined! Because I am a man of unclean lips, And I live among a people of unclean lips; For my eyes have seen the King, the LORD of hosts.\"\u00a0 [Isaiah 6:5] That\u2019s a terrifying thing is it not, to fall into the hands of the living God.\n\nWhat happened at Mount Sinai when God spoke and gave the nation of Israel the Mosaic Law? Exodus 19:16 says, \u201call the people who were in the camp trembled.\u201d\u00a0 \u00a0[So it came about on the third day, when it was morning, that there were thunder and lightning flashes and a thick cloud upon the mountain and a very loud trumpet sound, so that all the people who were in the camp trembled.\u201d\n\nHebrews 12:26 says, \u201cAnd His voice shook the earth,\u201d the glory and the power of God.\u00a0 [Hebrews 12:26, \u201cAnd His voice shook the earth then, but now He has promised, saying, \u201cYET ONCE MORE I WILL SHAKE NOT ONLY THE EARTH, BUT ALSO THE HEAVEN.\u201d]\n\nCan I just ask you a question, (and this is one of the reasons I wanted to go this direction this morning in our verses), first of all what I\u2019m saying is very obvious from the verses we\u2019re talking about, but it leads to this question\u2014have we really grasped in the year 2019, do we really understand the greatness and the glory of God?\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0Do we really understand the greatness and the glory of God?\u00a0 I have to admit that as I\u2019m studying this material and looking at these passages the Holy Spirit says to me quite frequently, you don\u2019t have the foggiest idea of who I am and My greatness!\u00a0 You know, the incarnation of Christ, God becoming a man, what did that do?\n\nWhat did it do when the Second Member of the Trinity stepped out of eternity into time and in an instant, at the virgin conception humanity was added to 100% deity and Jesus became the unique God-man.\u00a0 What happened there?\u00a0 I\u2019ll tell you what happened there His incarnation veiled God\u2019s glory.\u00a0 This is why John 1:18 says, \u201cNo one has seen God at any time; the only begotten God who is in the bosom of the Father, He has explained Him.\u201d\u00a0 I mean, if God were to reveal Himself without the incarnation, without the veiling, what would we be?\u00a0 We\u2019d be saying we\u2019re done, we\u2019re ruined!\u00a0 We\u2019d be trembling like those in the camp at Mount Sinai.\n\nAnd you look at these passages that hardly get any attention today in the minds of most Christians, or in most churches and I just say to myself \u201cpraise the LORD for the atonement!\u201d Because without the atonement I would be forced to navigate that on my own and I know the wickedness and the sinfulness and the depravity of my own heart. And I know I don\u2019t have a chance against the holiness of God.\u00a0 PRAISE THE LORD that Jesus stepped out of eternity into time and absorbed the wrath of a holy God in our place.\u00a0 And this is what verse 8 is talking about, \u201cthe temple was filled with smoke from the glory of God and from all His power,\u201d the glory and the power!\u00a0 [Revelation 15:8, \u201cAnd the temple was filled with smoke from the glory of God and from His power; and no one was able to enter the temple until the seven plagues of the seven angels were finished.\u201d]\n\nWe conclude here with the very end, by the way, those were all pictures of the glorious temple that the glory of God will inhabit one day in the thousand-year kingdom, just like the glory of God entered the Solomonic temple and left the glory of God is going to re-enter this temple one day and here the glory and power of God is manifested in the heavenly counterpart just prior to the manifestation of the bowl judgments.\n\nBut we come now to the very end of verse 8 and what does it say?\u00a0 \u201c\u2026and no one,\u201d you mean not even any angels?\u00a0 Not even the four living creatures?\u00a0 \u201c\u2026no one would be able to enter the temple until the seven plagues of the seven angels were finished.\u201d\u00a0 Why can\u2019t people just go in and out at will, why can\u2019t angels go in and out at will?\u00a0 It\u2019s now inaccessible because of what we just read about in verse 8 and verse 7.\u00a0 It\u2019s the habitation, the smoke, the glory, the power of God is in that temple!\n\nAnd isn\u2019t interesting that humans just transgress God\u2019s boundaries all of the time.\u00a0 We have a heavenly temple and an earthly temple.\u00a0 Remember what humanity was doing in that earthly temple in Revelation 11?\u00a0 It says in verse 2, \u201cFor it had been given to the nations and they will tread underfoot the holy city for forty-two months.\u201d\u00a0 The nations or the Gentiles are just doing whatever they want with God\u2019s temple when in fact in the Old Testament, even into the New Testament, if you brought a Gentile into that temple you were in a lot of trouble.\u00a0 They falsely accused Paul of that you\u2019ll remember in Acts 21:28-30.\n\n[Acts 21:28-30, \u201ccrying out, \u201cMen of Israel, come to our aid! This is the man who preaches to all men everywhere against our people and the Law and this place; and besides he has even brought Greeks into the temple and has defiled this holy place.\u201d [29] For they had previously seen Trophimus the Ephesian in the city with him, and they supposed that Paul had brought him into the temple. [30] Then all the city was provoked, and the people rushed together, and taking hold of Paul they dragged him out of the temple, and immediately the doors were shut.\u201d]\n\nMan always transgresses God\u2019s boundaries; that\u2019s what\u2019s happening with the earthly counterpart but that\u2019s NOT happening in heaven!\u00a0 The glory of God is so profound that it says here in verse 8, no one can even enter, even an angelic being with fine linen, with their golden sashes or the twenty-four elders, or the four living creatures.\u00a0 They can\u2019t even go in until the task of the bowl judgments is complete!\n\nDavid Hocking in his Revelation commentary says this on verse 8: \u201cGod\u2019s plan includes the coming of God\u2019s wrath and it will be fulfilled<\/u>.\u201d\u00a0 Until it is finished no one can enter the temple in heaven dramatically emphasizing the importance of the seven last plagues in the overall plan of God.\n\nJohn Walvoord in his Revelation commentary says this concerning verse 8: \u201cAs the angels emerge from the sanctuary it is filled with smoke proceeding from the glory of God and His power, a pointed reminded of the ineffable holiness of God.\u00a0 This scene can be compared to that when the cloud filled the tabernacle in Exodus 40:34-35, verses we looked at earlier, the last two verses roughly, of the Book of Exodus.\u00a0 Access into the sanctuary is made impossible by the smoke until the judgment contained in the seven plagues are fulfilled.\u00a0 It is an ominous sign of impending doom for those who persist in their blasphemous disregard of the sovereignty and the holiness of God.\n\nYou say it\u2019s not going to be that bad, is it?\u00a0 Well, there\u2019s the overview on Revelation 16 which we\u2019re not starting today obviously, but this is very serious; this is very severe.\u00a0 I mean, these judgments are of such a severe quality that heaven itself has to be prepared for these judgments to be executed.\n\nYou know, it\u2019s interesting, you can\u2019t even get an average Christian to sit through a sermon on the bowl judgments; out attention span is so short.\u00a0 But the angels themselves won\u2019t even go into the very heavenly tabernacle or temple out of fear of God because of the imminent manifestation of these judgments.\n\nMay God help us to understand His whole character, His eternality, His might, omnipotence, Hid glory, His power, but also one other thing, His grace!\u00a0 Aren\u2019t you glad for the grace of God?\u00a0 Aren\u2019t you glad that Jesus stepped out of eternity into time and bore the wrath of the Holy God in our place?\u00a0 And how we, by simply receiving His gift, what He\u2019s done, are spared from the terror of falling into the hands of the living God.\u00a0 That\u2019s the gospel.\u00a0 Becoming a Christian is\u2026 you know, I look at passages like this and I have to admit, I\u2019ve evangelized completely wrong so many times.\u00a0 I\u2019ve taught Jesus is some kind of self-help course and He\u2019s going to improve your life, as if that\u2019s really the issue.\u00a0 The issue is you get an exemption from the wrath of God; that\u2019s the issue!\u00a0 That\u2019s what it means to be saved.\u00a0 Saved from what?\u00a0 Saved from, as Jonathan Edwards said, \u201cSinners falling into the hands of an angry God.\u201d\n\nYou can get saved from that right now just by trusting in what He did for you two thousand years ago.\u00a0 It\u2019s something that\u2019s so simple a child can understand it; you can do it right now in the privacy of your own heart and mind, even as I\u2019m speaking.\u00a0 But it really becomes the most important issue in a person\u2019s life because without the atonement humanity as we\u2019re seeing here is on a collision course with the judgment of God, a God who is so loving and gracious that He has given us grace prior to the manifestation of divine wrath.\u00a0 Shall we pray.\n\nFather, we\u2019re grateful for these last four or so verses in Revelation 15 and what they reveal about Your nature and Your character.\u00a0 Help us to be people here at Sugar Land Bible Church that worship You in Spirit and in truth. Help us to see You as You are, not what we think You are or who we want You to be but who You actually are as You have revealed\u00a0 Yourself to\u00a0 us.\u00a0 Help us to be people that are eager for the presentation of the gospel because of these realities.\u00a0 We\u2019ll be careful to give You all the praise and the glory.\u00a0 We ask these things in Jesus\u2019 name, and God\u2019s people said\u2026\u2026 Amen!","series_sermon_number":""},"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t